Capital in the Twenty First Century

0
(0)

Capital in the Twenty First Century

作者:ThomasPiketty

出版社:BelknapPress:AnImprintofHarvardUniversityPress

原作名:LecapitalauXXIesiècle

译者:ArthurGoldhammer

出版年:2014-4-15

页数:704

定价:USD39.95

装帧:Hardcover

ISBN:9780674430006

内容简介
 · · · · · ·

What are the grand dynamics that drive the accumulation and distribution of capital? Questions about the long-term evolution of inequality, the concentration of wealth, and the prospects for economic growth lie at the heart of political economy. But satisfactory answers have been hard to find for lack of adequate data and clear guiding theories. In Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Thomas Piketty analyzes a unique collection of data from twenty countries, ranging as far back as the eighteenth century, to uncover key economic and social patterns. His findings will transform debate and set the agenda for the next generation of thought about wealth and inequality.

Piketty shows that modern economic growth and the diffusion of knowledge have allowed us to avoid inequalities on the apocalyptic scale predicted by Karl Marx. But we have not modified the deep structures of capital and inequality as much as we thought in the optimistic decades following World War II. The main driver of inequality—the tendency of returns on capital to exceed the rate of economic growth—today threatens to generate extreme inequalities that stir discontent and undermine democratic values. But economic trends are not acts of God. Political action has curbed dangerous inequalities in the past, Piketty says, and may do so again.

A work of extraordinary ambition, originality, and rigor, Capital in the Twenty-First Century reorients our understanding of economic history and confronts us with sobering lessons for today.

作者简介
 · · · · · ·

Thomas Piketty (French: [tɔ.ma pi.kɛ.ti]; born 7 May 1971) is a French economist whose work focuses on wealth and income inequality. He is a professor (directeur d’études) at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS), associate chair at the Paris School of Economics and Centennial professor at the International Inequalities Institute, which is part of the London School of Economics (LSE).

Website links: piketty.pse.ens.fr

citation: https://academic.microsoft.com/author/237398014

目录
 · · · · · ·

Acknowledgments

Introduction

I. Income and Capital

1. Income and Output

2. Growth: Illusions and Realities

II. The Dynamics of the Capital/Income Ratio

3. The Metamorphoses of Capital

4. From Old Europe to the New World

5. The Capital/Income Ratio over the Long Run

6. The Capital–Labor Split in the Twenty-First Century

III. The Structure of Inequality

7. Inequality and Concentration: Preliminary Bearings

8. Two Worlds

9. Inequality of Labor Income

10. Inequality of Capital Ownership

11. Merit and Inheritance in the Long Run

12. Global Inequality of Wealth in the Twenty-First Century

IV. Regulating Capital in the Twenty-First Century

13. A Social State for the Twenty-First Century

14. Rethinking the Progressive Income Tax

15. A Global Tax on Capital

16. The Question of the Public Debt

Conclusion

Notes

Contents in Detail

List of Tables and Illustrations*

Index

* Tables and Illustrations

Tables

Table 1.1. Distribution of world GDP, 2012

Table 2.1. World growth since the Industrial Revolution

Table 2.2. The law of cumulated growth

Table 2.3. Demographic growth since the Industrial Revolution

Table 2.4. Employment by sector in France and the United States, 1800–2012

Table 2.5. Per capita output growth since the Industrial Revolution

Table 3.1. Public wealth and private wealth in France in 2012

Table 5.1. Growth rates and saving rates in rich countries, 1970–2010

Table 5.2. Private saving in rich countries, 1970–2010

Table 5.3. Gross and net saving in rich countries, 1970–2010

Table 5.4. Private and public saving in rich countries, 1970–2010

Table 7.1. Inequality of labor income across time and space

Table 7.2. Inequality of capital ownership across time and space

Table 7.3. Inequality of total income (labor and capital) across time and space

Table 10.1. The composition of Parisian portfolios, 1872–1912

Table 11.1. The age–wealth profile in France, 1820–2010

Table 12.1. The growth rate of top global wealth, 1987–2013

Table 12.2. The return on the capital endowments of US universities, 1980–2010

Illustrations

Figure I.1. Income inequality in the United States, 1910–2010

Figure I.2. The capital/income ratio in Europe, 1870–2010

Figure 1.1. The distribution of world output, 1700–2012

Figure 1.2. The distribution of world population, 1700–2012

Figure 1.3. Global inequality 1700–2012: divergence then convergence?

Figure 1.4. Exchange rate and purchasing power parity: euro/dollar

Figure 1.5. Exchange rate and purchasing power parity: euro/yuan

Figure 2.1. The growth of world population, 1700–2012

Figure 2.2. The growth rate of world population from Antiquity to 2100

Figure 2.3. The growth rate of per capita output since the Industrial Revolution

Figure 2.4. The growth rate of world per capita output from Antiquity to 2100

Figure 2.5. The growth rate of world output from Antiquity to 2100

Figure 2.6. Inflation since the Industrial Revolution

Figure 3.1. Capital in Britain, 1700–2010

Figure 3.2. Capital in France, 1700–2010

Figure 3.3. Public wealth in Britain, 1700–2010

Figure 3.4. Public wealth in France, 1700–2010

Figure 3.5. Private and public capital in Britain, 1700–2010

Figure 3.6. Private and public capital in France, 1700–2010

Figure 4.1. Capital in Germany, 1870–2010

Figure 4.2. Public wealth in Germany, 1870–2010

Figure 4.3. Private and public capital in Germany, 1870–2010

Figure 4.4. Private and public capital in Europe, 1870–2010

Figure 4.5. National capital in Europe, 1870–2010

Figure 4.6. Capital in the United States, 1770–2010

Figure 4.7. Public wealth in the United States, 1770–2010

Figure 4.8. Private and public capital in the United States, 1770–2010

Figure 4.9. Capital in Canada, 1860–2010

Figure 4.10. Capital and slavery in the United States

Figure 4.11. Capital around 1770–1810: Old and New World

Figure 5.1. Private and public capital: Europe and the United States, 1870–2010

Figure 5.2. National capital in Europe and America, 1870–2010

Figure 5.3. Private capital in rich countries, 1970–2010

Figure 5.4. Private capital measured in years of disposable income

Figure 5.5. Private and public capital in rich countries, 1970–2010

Figure 5.6. Market value and book value of corporations

Figure 5.7. National capital in rich countries, 1970–2010

Figure 5.8. The world capital/income ratio, 1870–2100

Figure 6.1. The capital–labor split in Britain, 1770–2010

Figure 6.2. The capital–labor split in France, 1820–2010

Figure 6.3. The pure return on capital in Britain, 1770–2010

Figure 6.4. The pure rate of return on capital in France, 1820–2010

Figure 6.5. The capital share in rich countries, 1975–2010

Figure 6.6. The profit share in the value added of corporations in France, 1900–2010

Figure 6.7. The share of housing rent in national income in France, 1900–2010

Figure 6.8. The capital share in national income in France, 1900–2010

Figure 8.1. Income inequality in France, 1910–2010

Figure 8.2. The fall of rentiers in France, 1910–2010

Figure 8.3. The composition of top incomes in France in 1932

Figure 8.4. The composition of top incomes in France in 2005

Figure 8.5. Income inequality in the United States, 1910–2010

Figure 8.6. Decomposition of the top decile, United States, 1910–2010

Figure 8.7. High incomes and high wages in the United States, 1910–2010

Figure 8.8. The transformation of the top 1 percent in the United States

Figure 8.9. The composition of top incomes in the United States in 1929

Figure 8.10. The composition of top incomes in the United States, 2007

Figure 9.1. Minimum wage in France and the United States, 1950–2013

Figure 9.2. Income inequality in Anglo-Saxon countries, 1910–2010

Figure 9.3. Income inequality in Continental Europe and Japan, 1910–2010

Figure 9.4. Income inequality in Northern and Southern Europe, 1910–2010

Figure 9.5. The top decile income share in Anglo-Saxon countries, 1910–2010

Figure 9.6. The top decile income share in Continental Europe and Japan, 1910–2010

Figure 9.7. The top decile income share in Europe and the United States, 1900–2010

Figure 9.8. Income inequality in Europe versus the United States, 1900–2010

Figure 9.9. Income inequality in emerging countries, 1910–2010

Figure 10.1. Wealth inequality in France, 1810–2010

Figure 10.2. Wealth inequality in Paris versus France, 1810–2010

Figure 10.3. Wealth inequality in Britain, 1810–2010

Figure 10.4. Wealth inequality in Sweden, 1810–2010

Figure 10.5. Wealth inequality in the United States, 1810–2010

Figure 10.6. Wealth inequality in Europe versus the United States, 1810–2010

Figure 10.7. Return to capital and growth: France, 1820–1913

Figure 10.8. Capital share and saving rate: France, 1820–1913

Figure 10.9. Rate of return versus growth rate at the world level, from Antiquity until 2100

Figure 10.10. After tax rate of return versus growth rate at the world level, from Antiquity until 2100

Figure 10.11. After tax rate of return versus growth rate at the world level, from Antiquity until 2200

Figure 11.1. The annual inheritance flow as a fraction of national income, France, 1820–2010

Figure 11.2. The mortality rate in France, 1820–2100

Figure 11.3. Average age of decedents and inheritors, France, 1820–2100

Figure 11.4. Inheritance flow versus mortality rate, France, 1820–2010

Figure 11.5. The ratio between average wealth at death and average wealth of the living, France, 1820–2010

Figure 11.6. Observed and simulated inheritance flow, France, 1820–2100

Figure 11.7. The share of inherited wealth in total wealth, France, 1850–2100

Figure 11.8. The annual inheritance flow as a fraction of household disposable income, France, 1820–2010

Figure 11.9. The share of inheritance in the total resources (inheritance and work) of cohorts born in 1790–2030

Figure 11.10. The dilemma of Rastignac for cohorts born in 1790–2030

Figure 11.11. Which fraction of a cohort receives in inheritance the equivalent of a lifetime labor income?

Figure 11.12. The inheritance flow in Europe, 1900–2010

Figure 12.1. The world’s billionaires according to Forbes, 1987–2013

Figure 12.2. Billionaires as a fraction of global population and wealth, 1987–2013

Figure 12.3. The share of top wealth fractiles in world wealth, 1987–2013

Figure 12.4. The world capital/income ratio, 1870–2100

Figure 12.5. The distribution of world capital, 1870–2100

Figure 12.6. The net foreign asset position of rich countries

Figure 13.1. Tax revenues in rich countries, 1870–2010

Figure 14.1. Top income tax rates, 1900–2013

Figure 14.2. Top inheritance tax rates, 1900–2013

评论 ······

据说是本神书,读来发现是久违的《资本论》风格,统计+基于资本运行的逻辑推演,过分庞杂失之体系,过于纠结不平等的产生却远离试图作为经济学探讨的根基。虽然我也不喜欢经济学与数学过多的纠缠不清,但这无法成为推荐此书的理由。

用非主流经济学的方法讨论了一些主流经济学无力讨论的问题,瑕不掩瑜吧。18年3月更正:方法很主流,讨论的问题极端重要。之前的评论是无知之言。

数据是好的,但1. 过去是否能够说明未来是问题;2. 只看经济不看其他方面是问题;3. 平等是否是目标、平等是否就公平是问题;4. 自己提的解决方案毫无意义是问题。

读完真没觉得有什么洞见,下一本畅销书出来后再不会有人提它了

点击星号评分!

平均分 0 / 5. 投票数: 0

还没有投票!请为他投一票。

推荐阅读

评论 抢沙发

评论前必须登录!

 

登录

找回密码

注册