A Spirit of Trust : A Reading of Hegel's Phenomenology

作者：RobertB.Brandom

出版社：HarvardUniversityPress

副标题：AReadingofHegel'sPhenomenology

出版年：2019-5-31

页数：768

定价：GBP32.95

装帧：Hardcover

ISBN：9780674976818

内容简介
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Forty years in the making, this long-awaited reinterpretation of Hegel’s The Phenomenology of Spirit is a landmark contribution to philosophy by one of the world’s best-known and most influential philosophers.

In this much-anticipated work, Robert Brandom presents a completely new retelling of the romantic rationalist adventure of ideas that is Hegel’s classic The Phenomenology of Spirit. Connecting analytic, continental, and historical traditions, Brandom shows how dominant modes of thought in contemporary philosophy are challenged by Hegel.

A Spirit of Trust is about the massive historical shift in the life of humankind that constitutes the advent of modernity. In his Critiques, Kant talks about the distinction between what things are in themselves and how they appear to us; Hegel sees Kant’s distinction as making explicit what separates the ancient and modern worlds. In the ancient world, normative statuses―judgments of what ought to be―were taken to state objective facts. In the modern world, these judgments are taken to be determined by attitudes―subjective stances. Hegel supports a view combining both of those approaches, which Brandom calls “objective idealism”: there is an objective reality, but we cannot make sense of it without first making sense of how we think about it.

According to Hegel’s approach, we become agents only when taken as such by other agents. This means that normative statuses such as commitment, responsibility, and authority are instituted by social practices of reciprocal recognition. Brandom argues that when our self-conscious recognitive attitudes take the radical form of magnanimity and trust that Hegel describes, we can overcome a troubled modernity and enter a new age of spirit.

作者简介
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Robert B. Brandom is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh and a Fellow of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the British Academy. Numerous books have been written about him, including Jeremy Wanderer’s Robert Brandom, Ronald Loeffler’s Brandom, and Chauncey Maher’s The Pittsburgh School of Philosophy: Sellars, McDowell, Brandom. He delivered the John Locke Lectures at the University of Oxford and the Woodbridge Lectures at Columbia University. Brandom is the author of many books, including Making It Explicit, Reason in Philosophy, and From Empiricism to Expressivism.

目录
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Reference Abbreviations

Introduction: A Pragmatist Semantic Reading of Hegel’s Phenomenology

I. The Focal Topic: The Content and Use of Concepts

II. The Strategy of Semantic Descent

III. The Social Dimension of Discursiveness: Normativity and Recognition

IV. The Historical Dimension of Discursiveness: Recollective Rationality

V. Cognition, Recognition, and Recollection: Semantics and Epistemology, Normative Pragmatics, and the Historicity of Geist

Part One. Semantics and Epistemology: Knowing and Representing the Objective World

1. Conceptual Realism and the Semantic Possibility of Knowledge

I. Classical Representational Epistemology

II. Genuine Knowledge and Rational Constraint

III. A Nonpsychological Conception of the Conceptual

IV. Alethic Modal and Deontic Normative Material Incompatibility

2. Representation and the Experience of Error: A Functionalist Approach to the Distinction between Appearance and Reality

I. Introduction

II. Two Dimensions of Intentionality and Two Orders of Explanation

III. Two Kantian Ideas

IV. Hegel’s Pragmatist Functionalist Idea

V. The Mode of Presentation Condition

VI. The Experience of Error

VII. The Two Sides of Conceptual Content Are Representationally Related

VIII. Conclusion

3. Following the Path of Despair to a Bacchanalian Revel: The Emergence of the New, True Object

I. The Emergence of the Second Object

II. From Skepticism to Truth through Determinate Negation

III. Recollection and the Science of the Experience of Consciousness

4. Immediacy, Generality, and Recollection: First Lessons on the Structure of Epistemic Authority

I. Sense Certainty Introduced

II. Two Senses of “Immediacy”

III. A Bad Argument

IV. First Good Argument: Classification

V. Second Good Argument: Anaphoric Recollection

5. Understanding the Object/Property Structure in Terms of Negation: An Introduction to Hegelian Logic and Metaphysics in the Perception Chapter

I. The Lessons of Sense Certainty

II. Determinateness and Exclusive Negation

III. Formal Negation and Two Orders of Explanation

IV. Properties and Objects

V. Two Metaphysical Roles of Objects

VI. Ten Kinds of Metaphysical Differences

VII. From Perception to Understanding

6. “Force” and Understanding—From Object to Concept: The Ontological Status of Theoretical Entities and the Laws That Implicitly Define Them

I. Forces as Allegorical for Theoretical Entities

II. Invidious Eddingtonian Theoretical Realism

III. Holism and the “Play of Forces”

IV. From Forces to Laws as Superfacts

V. The “Inverted World” and Possible-World Semantics

7. Objective Idealism and Modal Expressivism

I. Explanation and the Expression of Implicit Laws

II. Objective Idealism

III. “Infinity” as Holism

IV. Expressivism, Objective Idealism, and Normative Self-Consciousness

Part Two. Normative Pragmatics: Recognition and the Expressive Metaphysics of Agency

8. The Structure of Desire and Recognition: Self-Consciousness and Self-Constitution

I. The Historicity of Essentially Self-Conscious Creatures

II. Identification, Risk, and Sacrifice

III. Creatures Things Can Be Something For: Desire and the Triadic Structure of Orectic Awareness

IV. From Desire to Recognition: Two Interpretive Challenges

V. Simple Recognition: Being Something Things Can Be Something for Is Something Things Can Be for One

VI. Robust Recognition: Specific Recognition of Another as a Recognizer

VII. Self-Consciousness

VIII. Conclusion

9. The Fine Structure of Autonomy and Recognition: The Institution of Normative Statuses by Normative Attitudes

I. Normative Statuses and Normative Attitudes: A Regimented Idiom

II. The Kantian Autonomy Model of the Institution of Normative Statuses by Normative Attitudes

III. A Model of General Recognition

IV. A Model of Specific Recognition

V. The Recognitive Institution of Statuses, Subjects, and Communities

VI. The Status-Dependence of Attitudes

VII. Conclusion

10. Allegories of Mastery: The Pragmatic and Semantic Basis of the Metaphysical Incoherence of Authority without Responsibility

I. Introduction: Asymmetrical, Defective Structures of Recognition

II. The Subordination–Obedience Model

III. Identification

IV. The Practical Conception of Pure Independence

V. The Struggle

VI. The Significance of Victory

VII. The Master–Servant Relationship

VIII. The Metaphysical Irony at the Heart of Mastery

IX. From Subjects to Objects

X. Recognition and Cognition

XI. The Semantic Failures of Stoicism and Skepticism

11. Hegel’s Expressive Metaphysics of Agency: The Determination, Identity, and Development of What Is Done

I. Looking Ahead: From Conceptual Realism and Objective Idealism to Conceptual Idealism

II. Two Sides of the Concept of Action: The Unity and Disparity That Action Involves

III. Two Models of the Unity and Disparity That Action Essentially Involves

IV. Intentional and Consequential Specifications of Actions

V. Practical Success and Failure in the Vulgar Sense: The Vorsatz/Absicht Distinction

VI. Identity of Content of Deed and Intention

VII. Further Structure of the Expressive Process by Which the Intention Develops into the Deed

12. Recollection, Representation, and Agency

I. Hegelian vs. Fregean Understandings of Sense and Reference

II. Retrospective and Prospective Perspectives on the Development of Conceptual Contents

III. Intentional Agency as a Model for the Development of Senses

IV. Contraction and Expansion Strategies

Part Three. Recollecting the Ages of Spirit: From Irony to Trust

13. The History of Normative Structures: On Beyond Immediate Sittlichkeit

I. Epochs of Geist

II. Immediate Sittlichkeit

III. The Rise of Subjectivity

IV. Alienation and Culture

14. Alienation and Language

I. Introduction: Modernity, Legitimation, and Language

II. Actual and Pure Consciousness

III. Recognition in Language

IV. Authority and Responsibility in Language as a Model of Freedom

V. Pure Consciousness: Alienation as a Disparity between Cognition and Recognition

VI. Faith and Trust

VII. Morality and Conscience

15. Edelmütigkeit and Niederträchtigkeit: The Kammerdiener

I. Two Meta-attitudes

II. The Kammerdiener

III. The Authority of Normative Attitudes and Statuses

IV. Naturalism and Genealogy

V. Four Meta-meta-attitudes

VI. Looking Forward to Magnanimity

16. Confession and Forgiveness, Recollection and Trust

I. Neiderträchtig Assessment

II. Confession

III. Forgiveness

IV. Recollection

V. The Conditions of Determinate Contentfulness

VI. Trust and Magnanimous Agency

VII. Hegel’s Recollective Project

Conclusion: Semantics with an Edifying Intent: Recognition and Recollection on the Way to the Age of Trust

I. Edifying Semantics

II. Geist, Modernity, and Alienation

III. Some Contemporary Expressions of Alienation in Philosophical Theories

IV. Three Stages in the Articulation of Idealism

V. Recollection: How the Process of Experience Determines Conceptual Contents and Semantic Relations

VI. From Verstand to Vernunft: Truth and the Determinateness of Conceptual Content

VII. Normativity and Recognition

VIII. Dimensions of Holism: Identity through Difference

IX. Truth as Subject, Geist as Self-Conscious

X. The Age of Trust: Reachieving Heroic Agency

XI. Forgiveness: Recognition as Recollection

Afterword: To the Best of My Recollection

Notes

Index

评论 ······

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尽管在对黑格尔的解读过程中存在着必然会引起异见的观点与方法，但是难以否认这部作品所推向的宏伟哲学图景。《使之清晰》后最重要的作品莫过于此，在这里布兰顿回应了许多过去的批评（扉页致谢中明说这是一部献给是麦兜的书）。

尽管在对黑格尔的解读过程中存在着必然会引起异见的观点与方法，但是难以否认这部作品所推向的宏伟哲学图景。《使之清晰》后最重要的作品莫过于此，在这里布兰顿回应了许多过去的批评（扉页致谢中明说这是一部献给是麦兜的书）。

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